Learn to conjugate the first person plural Also, we will learn to talk about our abilities and obligations and say things such as "I can sing" and "I have to work"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| May: مرحباً أسمي مي |
| Danya: و أنا دانيا. |
| Timothy: Timothy here! Beginner, Lesson 10 - We have to go. أهلاً بيكم, hello, everybody and welcome to ArabicPod101.com. Today, we're joined by Danya and May. |
| Danya: أهلاً أنا دانيا. |
| May: مرحباً أنا مي. |
| Timothy: In this series, we explained the grammar of the Arabic language. |
| Danya: We also give you some insight into Arabic culture. |
| May: So join us for today's Arabic Beginner lesson. |
| Timothy: What did we talk about last time? |
| May: Last time, we learned how to conjugate the third person singular. |
| Danya: So we learned to say he understands, she speaks and things like that. |
| Timothy: Let's review. |
| May: أنت تتكلمين بسرعة, تيموثي لا يفهم. |
| Danya: لا, لا أتكلم بسرعة, هو يفهم ببطئ. |
| Timothy: آسف؟ |
| May: أعلم, لكن تكلمي ببطئٍ أكثر. |
| Danya: أفهم, تيوموثي... |
| Timothy: نعم؟ |
| Danya: أنا اتحدث ببطئ الآن. |
| Timothy: شكراً. |
| May: Today, we're going to learn to conjugate the first person plural. |
| Danya: We are also going to learn to talk about our abilities and obligations. |
| Timothy: So we'll be able to say I can sing and dance or I have to work tonight. |
| Danya: Right. |
| Timothy: Make sure to visit ArabicPod101.com and get the accompanying PDF. Inside the PDF we have the Arabic transcripts and English translations as well as detailed write ups on the grammar points covered today. Let's get into today's conversation. |
| May: Sara and Hiba are at Sara's place and they are going to a party. |
| Danya: They're really excited, but Sara can't find her keys and they're running behind. |
| May: This is a polite, casual conversation in standard Arabic. |
| Timothy: We'll focus on how to say we need to go. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| سارة: هل أنت جاهزة؟ |
| هبة: لا، لست جاهزة.لا أستطيع إيجاد مفاتيحي. |
| سارة: يجب أن نذهب الآن. |
| هبة: أين مفاتيحي؟ |
| سارة: إنها على الطاولة. |
| Eric: One more time with the translation. |
| مرة ثانية مع الترجمة. |
| سارة: هل أنت جاهزة؟ |
| Timothy: Are you ready? |
| هبة: لا، لست جاهزة.لا أستطيع إيجاد مفاتيحي. |
| Timothy: No, I'm not ready. I can't find my keys. |
| سارة: يجب أن نذهب الآن. |
| Timothy: We have to go now. |
| هبة: أين مفاتيحي؟ |
| Timothy: Where are my keys? |
| سارة: إنها على الطاولة. |
| Timothy: They are on the table. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Timothy: And that always happens to me. I can never find my keys when it's time to go. |
| Danya: Do you want me to give you one of my amazing tips? |
| Timothy: Please. |
| Danya: Okay. So always keep your keys in the same place. So if you're in the house and you see your key somewhere else, right away put them where they belong, if there's like a basket or a box or something. |
| Timothy: Yeah, my wife has me do that all the time, but I'm not very good at it? |
| Danya: Really? |
| Timothy: Yeah. |
| Danya: Well, now is your chance. |
| Timothy: I really don't like being late to things and I really don't like it when people are late themselves. |
| Danya: I don't like it either. |
| Timothy: Are you sometimes late or are you always on time? |
| Danya: Am I late? I don't know, tell me. |
| Timothy: All right. So what I want to get to is if I already go to the Middle East and I'm invited to someone's house, right, would people expect me to be on time? |
| Danya: No. |
| May: No. |
| Danya: It's not expected but if you're 5, 10 minutes late, it's fine. |
| May: It's okay, yeah. |
| Danya: But then if you go over 15 minutes, I think it's impolite and it's very unprofessional, so. |
| Timothy: Okay. So what if there's a party and I want people to show up at 6 o'clock, what do I need to tell them? |
| Danya: So tell them to come at 5. |
| Timothy: Okay. I'll tell them. |
| Danya: Yeah. |
| Timothy: So what if I show actually show up to your party at 5? |
| Danya: That's… |
| May: That's fine. |
| Danya: Yeah, you're welcome. |
| May: That's what they do in weddings. They tell like come at seven for example when actually the party starts at eight. So people would get there at eight. |
| Danya: Exactly. But I think even here, when you say your party is at five, not everyone shows up at five. |
| May: Yeah. |
| Danya: People come out like 5.30, right? |
| Timothy: Yeah. |
| Danya: I mean, that what usually ends up happening. |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Timothy: Well, let's get into the vocabulary for today. So what's the first word? |
| Danya: جاهزة [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Ready (fem.). |
| Danya: جاهزة [slowly - broken down by syllable]. جاهزة [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Now, this is for a woman, right? |
| May: Yes. To ask a man if he's ready, you would say, جاهز. |
| Danya: هل أنت جاهز يا تيموثي؟ |
| Timothy: نعم أنا جاهز. |
| Danya: Good. |
| Timothy: Next word. |
| May: إيجاد [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Finding. |
| May: إيجاد [slowly - broken down by syllable]. إيجاد [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Now, this doesn't look like a verb to me. |
| May: Right, إيجاد is actually the noun form of the verb يجد. |
| Danya: Yes. يجد means to find. So إيجاد is like saying the finding. |
| Timothy: So, I can't find my keys is actually, I can't the finding my keys. |
| Danya: But don't think that way. It's better to take, I can find, all as one fix phrase. |
| Timothy: Okay. So let's hear it as a fix phrase. |
| Danya: أستطيع إيجاد [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: I can find. |
| Danya: أستطيع إيجاد [slowly - broken down by syllable]. أستطيع إيجاد [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Now, let's focus on I can for pronunciation. |
| May: أستطيع [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: I can. |
| May: أستطيع [slowly - broken down by syllable]. أستطيع [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: This is kind of a hard word to say. |
| May: I think it's because the ت on ط are right next to each other. You have to move your tongue between the two different T sounds. |
| Timothy: And then there's the ع on the end. So do you have any tips to help us pronounce this? |
| Danya: Really, you just have to concentrate on each sound individually and practice saying the word over and over again. |
| Timothy: So we can go to the vocab list in the learning center and practice it until it sounds perfect. |
| May: يجب أن تتدرب تيموثي. |
| Timothy: She just said I need to practice. What's the next word. |
| Danya: مفتاح [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Key. |
| Danya: مفتاح [slowly - broken down by syllable]. مفتاح [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: In the dialogue, we heard the plural form. |
| May: مفاتيح [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Keys. |
| May: مفاتيح [slowly - broken down by syllable]. مفاتيح [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Are there any general rules for forming plurals in Arabic? |
| Danya: Usually, there are two very general categories. There is something called the regular جمعand there's something called جمع تكسير. Now the regular جمع it branches to masculine and feminine. |
| Timothy: Okay. |
| Danya: So I'll give you an example. Let's say the word جامعة which is university. It's feminine, right? |
| Timothy: Okay. |
| Danya: So you want the plural form, you'll say جامعات, so you add that alif ا ت at the end. |
| Timothy: So the time تاء مربوطة gets turned into an ا ollowed by a regular ت. |
| Danya: Right, exactly. |
| Timothy: So that's a general rule for feminine words. |
| Danya: Right. |
| Timothy: What about for masculine words? |
| Danya: So for example the word نعلم, masculine noun. |
| Timothy: Teacher. |
| Danya: Right, معلمون, so you add a و ن at the end to get the plural form of this word. |
| Timothy: Okay. Sometimes that's ين right? |
| Danya: In certain cases, yes. |
| Timothy: Depending on the grammatical position of the word. |
| Danya: Exactly. |
| Timothy: And then what's the third group? |
| Danya: It's called جمع تكسير which is equivalent to irregular plural forms and an example here would be مفتاح like our conversation. So the plural would be مفاتيح. |
| Timothy: So we're going to go over the system of singular, dual and plural in another lesson, but in the meantime, start focusing your vocabulary studies on learning both the singular and the plural at the same time. Okay, what's our next word? |
| May: الآن [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Now. |
| May: الآن [slowly - broken down by syllable]. الآن [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: And the next word? |
| May: نذهب [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: We go. |
| May: نذهب [slowly - broken down by syllable]. نذهب [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: So this means we go like we go to the store. |
| May: Right, نذهب إلى السوق. |
| Timothy: Can نذهب be used to say we are going to do something? |
| Danya: No. In standard Arabic, we use نذهب to say we are physically going. If you are trying to say that, you will do something in the near future, you'll use the future particle سوف which is will in English, as in, I will do something, سوف أذهب. |
| Timothy: Okay. What's the next word? |
| Danya: يجب [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: It is necessary. |
| Danya: يجب [slowly - broken down by syllable]. يجب [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Now, I had a really hard time looking this word up for the learning center. |
| May: Really, where were you looking it up? |
| Timothy: Well, I first tried looking under ي ج ب. |
| May: Oh, that's your problem. You have to look under the root. |
| Timothy: So do you know where I found يجب? |
| May: Under و ج ب, right? |
| Timothy: How did you know that root? |
| May: I know that يجب is related to the word وجب which is و ج ب |
| Timothy: Oh man. I wish I had realized that before I looked up the word. |
| May: As you build up your vocabulary, try to make a lot of associations between them. That will help. |
| Danya: Do our listeners know واجب ? |
| Timothy: When we covered that in one of the survival phrases? She said لا شكر على واجب, no thanks, it's my duty. Okay, next word. |
| May: إنها [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: It. |
| May: إنها [slowly - broken down by syllable]. إنها [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Okay, this is just like أنه from the last lesson. |
| May: Right, but إنه is masculine and إنها is feminine. |
| Timothy: There's a contraction between إن, a particle used for emphasis and هو, he to make أنه. And in this case we're using إن with هي to make إنها Now, in this dialogue we are using إنها to say, the keys, they are on the table. But إنها, that's singular. |
| Danya: What we meant by it is the مفاتيح or the keys were referred to as one big object. So we use it to term the whole thing, the whole group of keys versus saying they are on the table. |
| Timothy: Okay. Next word. |
| May: على [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: On. |
| May: على [slowly - broken down by syllable] على [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: So what are some ways we can use على? |
| May: Well, you can use على to say something is on top of something. |
| Danya: It's also used idiomatically like, he's on top of his work, هو على رأس عملهor شكراًعلى الهدية, thank you for the gift. |
| Timothy: Okay. And that last one, you said على, you translate that as for. |
| Danya: Right. |
| Timothy: Like that's actually something that often confuses people when they're learning languages. |
| Danya: Right. I think a good way to know to get yourself familiar with these prepositions and their uses is to sort of have different examples memorized for each use. That way, you'll remember how they're used in what context. |
| Timothy: Right. So it's really important to not try to translate prepositions in your sentences, but take the sentence as a whole so that you have an example of how to use the preposition. |
| Danya: Exactly. |
| Timothy: Our last word. |
| Danya: طاولة [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Table. |
| Danya: طاولة [slowly - broken down by syllable]. طاولة [natural native speed] |
| Timothy: Okay, what's the plural form? |
| Danya: طاولات. |
| Timothy: Tables. |
| Danya: طاولات. |
| Timothy: Again, whenever you're learning new vocabulary words, you want to try to memorize both the singular and plural forms at the same time. Now, that's a feminine word, right? |
| Danya: Exactly, yes. |
Lesson focus |
| Timothy: Okay. Let's move on to today's grammar point. Today's grammar point is first person plural conjugation. So saying, we do something. Let's review the verb to study which has the stem درس. Let's hear, I study. |
| May: أدرس |
| Timothy: You study, masculine and feminine. |
| May: تدرس and تدرسين |
| Timothy: He studies, she studies. |
| May: يدرس, تدرس |
| Timothy: So all these verb forms have the same stem, درس, but they attach different prefixes to tell us whether it's I, you, he or she that are studying, أ for I studyأدرس and, ت, for you study or she studies, تدرس, تدرسين. And ي for he studies, يدرس. Now, let's hear we study. |
| Danya: ندرس |
| Timothy: We study. To say we study attach the prefix نَ to the stem درس to get نَدرس. |
| Danya: That's right. |
| Timothy: All right. So how did this grammar point show up in the conversation? |
| May: يجب أن نذهب الآن |
| Timothy: We have to go now. In this sentence we said نذهب, we go. So what's the stem for نذهب |
| May: ذهب. We just put نَ in front to make we go,نذهب |
| Timothy: Okay. Now, let's practice the verb conjugations on our new vocabulary word. Try to say I go. |
| May: أذهب |
| Timothy: You go, masculine. |
| May: تذهب |
| Timothy: You go, feminine. |
| May: تذهبين |
| Timothy: He goes. |
| May: يذهب |
| Timothy: She goes. |
| May: تذهب |
| Timothy: And we go. |
| May: نذهب |
Outro |
| Timothy: يحب أن نذهب الآن. That just about wraps things up for today. Make sure to stop by ArabicPod101.com. There you'll find a new addition to our Arabic learning and resources, audio flashcards. You can now choose to listen to the Arabic word and then see it written with the translation. It's just a sort of tool I made for myself when I started learning Arabic. So stop by ArabicPod101.com and tell us what you think in the comments. Until next time. |
| May: إلى اللقاء. |
| Danya: مع السلامة. |
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