Learn how to talk about your vacation plans, invite someone to join you, and make verbal sentences correctly
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to ArabicPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 4 - Making Friends in the Arab World, I’m Becky. |
| Hany: مرحبا I'm Hany. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about your vacation plans and invite someone to come with you, as well as to form verbal sentences correctly. The conversation takes place while our speakers are on their way home. |
| Hany: It's between Eleanor and Tim. |
| Becky: The speakers are friends, so they will use informal Arabic. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| إلينور: تيم, أتعلم أن عيد الفطر غداً؟ |
| تيم: لا, لقد نسيت تماماً أن اليوم آخر يوم في شهر رمضان! كيف ستقضين العيد؟ |
| إلينور: انا سأقضي أول يوم مع أسرة صديقتي في القاهرة و آكل كعك العيد. |
| تيم: ماذا عن باقي الأيام؟ |
| إلينور: سأسافر إلى الغردقة لأسبح و أخسر الوزن الذي سأزيده بسبب كعك العيد! بالمناسبة, لم لا تأتي معنا؟ |
| تيم: حقاً يا إلينور؟ مع أني ظننت أنك شخص مخيف حينما قابلتك أول مرة, لكنك في الحقيقة لطيفة جداً! |
| إلينور: ماذا تقصد ب"شخص مخيف"؟! يبدو أننا سنتركك هنا في العيد إذاً.. |
| تيم: لا لا أرجوك! أنا آسف, كنت أمزح معكِ! |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Eleanor: Tim, do you know that the feast is tomorrow? |
| Tim: No, I totally forgot that today was the last day of Ramadan! What are you doing during the feast? |
| Eleanor: I will spend the first day with my friend's family in Cairo and eat feast cookies. |
| Tim: What about the rest of the days? |
| Eleanor: I will travel to Hurghada to swim and lose the weight I gain because of the feast cookies! By the way, why don't you come with us? |
| Tim: Really, Eleanor?! Although I thought you were a scary person when we first met, you're actually very nice! |
| Eleanor: What do you mean "a scary person"? I guess we'll leave you here during the feast holiday after all... |
| Tim: No, please! I'm sorry! I was just joking with you! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: Hany, could you tell us more about Ramadan and the post-Ramadan feast? |
| Hany: Feasts, or "Eid" and also Ramadan are very important times in the Arab world, and there are a couple of things that you need to be aware of, if you are travelling in the Middle East around that time. |
| Becky: I know that eating and drinking is limited to certain hours during Ramadan. |
| Hany: That’s right. And remember that liquor is not sold anywhere in the Middle East during the holy month of Ramadan. Secondly, eating in public, while not forbidden, is definitely frowned upon, obviously because everyone else is refraining from it. |
| Becky: Can you eat in restaurants? |
| Hany: Most restaurants are operating as usual, but tend to get very crowded around breakfast time, which is the Maghreb prayer, around 6 o'clock. So if you want to eat in a restaurant around that time, it’s better to reserve beforehand, or go 2 hours before breakfast time. |
| Becky: What is the most commonly used greeting during this period? |
| Hany: رمضان كريم |
| Becky: which means "Happy Ramadan!" Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Hany: عيد الفطر |
| [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Eid, the post-Ramadan feast |
| Hany: عيد الفطر |
| [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: عيد الفطر |
| [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: حتى [natural native speed] |
| Becky: until |
| Hany: حتى[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: حتى [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: قضى [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to spend (time) |
| Hany: قضى[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: قضى [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: أسرة [natural native speed] |
| Becky: nuclear family |
| Hany: أسرة[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: أسرة [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: كعك [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Kahk, a shortbread biscuit covered with sugar icing |
| Hany: كعك[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: كعك [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: باقي [natural native speed] |
| Becky: remaining |
| Hany: باقي[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: باقي [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: مزح [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to joke |
| Hany: مزح[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: مزح [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last... |
| Hany: مخيفة [natural native speed] |
| Becky: frightening, scary |
| Hany: مخيفة[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: مخيفة [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Hany: أرجوك |
| Becky: meaning "Please/I beg you" |
| Hany: This expression is made up of two parts - argu meaning "I beg" and k which is a personal pronoun for second person masculine. You don't really use it unless you really need to beg for something. For normal requests, you say law samaht. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Hany: Sure. For example, you can say.. أرجوك, لا تتركني! |
| Becky: ..which means "Please, don't leave me!" Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Hany: خسر الوزن |
| Becky: meaning "to lose weight" |
| Hany: This expression is made up of two words - khaser meaning "lose", and al wazn means "the weight". Structure-wise, it is a loan expression from English. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using it? |
| Hany: Sure. For example, you can say.. كيف خسرت كل هذا الوزن يا كريم؟ |
| Becky: .. which means "How did you lose all that weight, Karim?” Okay, what's the next word? |
| Hany: بالمناسبة, |
| Becky: meaning "By the way" |
| Hany: This word consists of 2 parts - bi meaning "by or with", and almunasabah meaning "the occasion". |
| Becky: It implies that the occasion presented itself to mention another topic that is related to the one before it. Can you give us an example? |
| Hany: Sure. For example, you can say.. مها وصلت. بالمناسبة, كيف تعرفت على مها؟ |
| Becky: .. which means "Maha just arrived. By the way, how do you know Maha?" |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn how to talk about your vacation plans and invite someone to come with you, and form verbal sentences correctly. |
| Hany: In the last lesson, we focused on the final vowelling signs of basic subjects and objects in verb sentences. In this lesson, we will explain the types of verbs in Arabic. |
| Becky: we will also explain how most parts of speech in Arabic originate from certain main verbs called “root verbs”. Ok, let’s start by introducing the verbs. Verbs in Arabic have different categories than those in English. There are three types of verb forms - the Past tense, the Present tense and the imperative form. |
| Hany: The first one, the Past tense, is also called the “dictionary form,” because you use it when you look up a word in the dictionary. In Arabic, this is called fi’l maadi, فعل ماضي, |
| Becky: which literally means “the past verb”. |
| Hany: The past tense has many other sub-forms, meaning that by adding certain words before it, we can produce a variety of tenses and nuances. |
| Becky: Ok, what about the second form, the present tense? |
| Hany: Present tense, in meaning, can indicate either a present action or a present continuous action, depending on the context and certain adverbs of time. In Arabic it’s called fi’l mudaari’, فعل مُضارِع. This form has the most sub-forms in Arabic, for example the future tense. |
| Becky: What’s the third and last main form? |
| Hany: It’s the imperative form, which is ONLY used in imperative verbs and has no other usages or sub-forms. It’s called fi’l amr, فعل أمر. |
| Becky: Let’s give an example for each form, starting with the past tense. |
| Hany: لقد نسيت |
| Becky: Which means “I had forgotten.” |
| Hany: the past form verb nasii has the 1st person pronoun tu attached to it, and we can see it is a past perfect verb, a sub-form, because of the word laqad before it. Nasiitu can also be used on its own, with the meaning of a normal past tense verb. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example of the present tense form? |
| Hany: سَأُسافِر |
| Becky: which means “I will travel” |
| Hany: the basic present form is ‘usaafir أُسافِر. By adding sa at the beginning, we got the future tense sub-form! |
| Becky: That makes sense. Let’s move on to the third form, the imperative. |
| Hany: اِذهَب إلى غُرفَتِك. |
| Becky: Which means “Go to your room.” |
| Hany: As we already mentioned, the imperative form has no sub-forms and is only used for giving orders. |
| Becky: Ok, let’s take a look at the applications of the verb root rule. All Arabic nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs originate from what we call the “verb root.” |
| Hany: the “verb root” is always a 3-letter combination, moulded into a variety of forms, to form all nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs in Arabic. Those 3 root letters are represented by the most basic verb in Arabic, which is the verb “to do” fa’ala/فَعَلَ. |
| Becky: Let’s take some random words from the dialogue and analyze them to get to their root form. |
| Hany: That’s a good idea! For example نَسيت |
| Becky: meaning “I forgot”, is a verb. |
| Hany: And the root of نَسيت is ن س ي |
| Becky: and Next? |
| Hany: صديقتي |
| Becky: meaning “my friend”, is a noun. |
| Hany: And the root of صديقتي is ص د ق |
| Becky: One more example? |
| Hany: مُخيف |
| Becky: meaning “scary”, is an adjective |
| Hany: And the root of مُخيف is خ و ف |
| Becky: So basically, knowing the meaning of the original root verb, and knowing the most common forms and what they indicate, will give you the meaning of any Arabic word. |
| Hany: But you need to understand that this only applies to words of Arabic origin! |
| Becky: What’s an example of this type of word? |
| Hany: كَعك (ka’k), which is a type of cookie, is a word with Turkish origins |
| Becky: Listeners, please also remember that prepositions, articles, and any other part of speech that is NOT a noun, an adjective, an adverb, or a verb, don’t have root verbs. |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Hany: شكرا |
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