Learn how to use vowel past-tense verbs when speaking about an accident that happened to you or to a friend, and how to negate those verbs
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to ArabicPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 6 - Talking About An Accident in Arabic, Part 2. I’m Becky. |
| Hany: مرحبا I'm Hany. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to correctly use and vowel past-tense verbs when speaking about an accident that happened to you or to a friend, and how to negate them. The conversation takes place in the hospital. |
| Hany: It's between Mina and Sara. |
| Becky: They will use both formal and informal Arabic. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| : (في الطوارئ) |
| الطبيب: ماذا حدث؟ |
| سارة: كنت أسبح في البحر و فجأة لدغني قنديل في ساقي اليمنى. شعرت بألم شديد فتشنجت ساقي. |
| مينا: وبعدها ساعدتها في الخروج من الماء. الحمد لله أنني لاحظت قبل فوات الأوان. |
| الطبيب: متى حدث هذا؟ |
| مينا: منذ نصف ساعة تقريباً. طمئنا أيها الطبيب أرجوك. |
| الطبيب: لا تقلقوا. إنه جرح سطحي. |
| مينا: قلت لكي ألا تتعمقي في تلك المنطقة يا سارة لأنها مليئة بالقناديل. |
| سارة: أنا آسفة. لقد أزعجتكم جميعاً بسبب إهمالى. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| : (in the ER) |
| Doctor: What happened? |
| Sara: I was swimming in the sea and suddenly a jellyfish stung my right leg. I felt a terrible pain and my leg cramped. |
| Mina: Then I helped her go outside the water. Thank God I noticed before it was too late. |
| Doctor: When did that happen? |
| Mina: About half an hour ago. Doctor, please reassure us that she's okay! |
| Doctor: Don't worry. It's a superficial wound. |
| Mina: I told you not to go too deep in the area, because it's full of jellyfish, Sara! |
| Sara: I'm sorry. I have bothered you all because of my inattentiveness. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: Hany, since you are Egyptian, could you tell us something about medical care in Egypt? |
| Hany: Sure! First of all, you should know that Medical care in Egypt is extremely cheap because it is financially supported by the government. |
| Becky: How is the quality of service? |
| Hany: The quality of service in government-supported public hospitals is not as good as private hospitals, of course, but it is getting better every year. Also, the number of doctors in Egypt is increasing, which means shorter wait times in ERs and public hospitals. |
| Becky: Do private hospitals cost more? |
| Hany: Even private hospitals in Egypt are fairly cheap compared to medical care in most countries in the world. |
| Becky: Can you tell us the Arabic words for “public hospital” and “private hospital”? |
| Hany: Sure, “public hospital” is مُستَشفَى حُكومية and “private hospital” is مُستَشفَى خاصَّة |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Hany: طوارئ [natural native speed] |
| Becky: emergency |
| Hany: طوارئ[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: طوارئ [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: حدث [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to happen |
| Hany: حدث[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: حدث [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: فجأة [natural native speed] |
| Becky: suddenly |
| Hany: فجأة[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: فجأة [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: لدغ [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to sting |
| Hany: لدغ[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: لدغ [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: قنديل [natural native speed] |
| Becky: jellyfish |
| Hany: قنديل[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: قنديل [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: جرح [natural native speed] |
| Becky: wound |
| Hany: جرح[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: جرح [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Hany: سطحي [natural native speed] |
| Becky: superficial |
| Hany: سطحي[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: سطحي [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last.. |
| Hany: إهمال [natural native speed] |
| Becky: neglect |
| Hany: إهمال[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hany: إهمال [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Hany: وبعدها |
| Becky: meaning "and then” or “after that" |
| Hany: This expression consists of two words - wa meaning "and", and ba'daha meaning "after that". It's used to advance to the next step in a story or a plan you are talking about. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Hany: Sure. For example, you can say.. ذهبت إلى النادي و بعدها ذهبت إلى السوبر ماركت. |
| Becky: .. which means "I went to the club and after that I went to the supermarket." Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Hany: قبل فوات الأوان |
| Becky: meaning "before it's too late" |
| Hany: This expression is made up of three words - qabla meaning "before", fawaat meaning "missing" and al-awaan meaning "the moment". |
| Becky: As you can tell, it implies something like "lest we miss the right moment". Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Hany: Sure. For example, you can say.. اخبره قبل فوات الأوان! |
| Becky: .. which means "Tell him before it's too late!" Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn how to correctly use and vowel past-tense verbs when speaking about an accident that happened to you or to a friend, and how to negate them. |
| Hany: We will take a look at all the mugarrad and maziid forms of past tense verbs and see how to do the final vowelling. |
| Becky: The past tense form is easier than the present tense, because the past tense form also happens to be the root form. |
| Hany: Let’s consider the verb “to write” and turn it into its past mugarrad form, which has no extra letters. In Arabic, “to write” is كتب |
| Becky: Let’s see part of the conjugation. Hany will say the Arabic and I’ll give the translation. |
| Hany: كَتَبتُ |
| Becky: “I wrote” |
| Hany: كَتَبنا |
| Becky: “We wrote” |
| Hany: كَتَبتَ |
| Becky: “You wrote” |
| Hany: كَتَبتِ |
| Becky: “You wrote” in the feminine form |
| Hany: كَتَبَ |
| Becky: “He wrote” |
| Hany: كَتَبَت |
| Becky: “She wrote”. Unfortunately there isn’t much of a pattern for the past tense conjugation, but the general rule is that the conjugation letters are always suffixes, unlike the present form where there are both suffixes and prefixes. |
| Hany: So we just have conjugation suffixes, not extra letters that would change the meaning of the verb. This is because these were mugarrad forms. |
| Becky: Let’s see an example of this form from the dialogue. |
| Hany: ماذا حَدَث؟ |
| Becky: “What happened?” |
| Hany: The verb hadasa is in the past tense and in the mugarrad form. Hadasa is in the third person singular masculine, which is the root form as well. It loses the fatha vowelling sign in the end because it is the last word in the sentence. |
| Becky: Now let’s move on to the form of verbs that can either have 1, 2, or 3 extra letters other than the root letters. |
| Hany: This is called the maziid form |
| Becky: Let’s give an example. |
| Hany: For the root كرم (k r m), indicating “generosity”, we can have the maziid form with 1 extra letter أكرَم (akrama), which means “to be generous”. |
| Becky: Listeners, this pattern may be similar to the one explained in the previous lesson, but please remember that we are now discussing the past tense. Let’s see an example of a root with 2 more extra letters |
| Hany: With the root حمر (h m r), indicating “red”, we can have the maziid form with 2 extra letters اِحمَرَّ (ihmarra), which means “to turn red”. |
| Becky: As you can see, each one of these forms with extra letters has a certain effect on the meaning of the root verb. Now let’s see an example of these verbs with extra letters in the dialogue: |
| Hany: تَشَنَّجَت ساقي. |
| Becky: “My leg cramped.” |
| Hany: The verb “to cramp” here is in the third person singular feminine form and is a maziid verb with two extra letters. The root of this verb is ش ن ج with two extra letters, a letter and a shadda, (ت ّ ) when rolled back to the masculine past tense تَشَنَّجَ. |
| Becky: Does the past tense have subforms? |
| Hany: The past tense has a few subforms, the most important of which is the past perfect qad and laqad subforms. |
| Becky: How do you create these? |
| Hany: By inserting the prefix قد qad or لَقَد laqad before a verb in the past form, you get the past perfect tense. The literal translation of qad and laqad is “had already”. For example, in the dialogue we have لقد أزعجتكم جميعاً. |
| Becky: meaning “I bothered you all.” Ok, finally let’s have a look at the final vowelling of the past tense. |
| Hany: The past tense verb has the vowelling state binaa’/بِناء, which requires different final vowelling for different conjugations. |
| Becky: Can you quickly summarize that? |
| Hany: add a fat-ha vowelling sign on the last letter if the verb is conjugated to the third person singular masculine or feminine, or to the third person dual, for example akalaa أَكَلا |
| Becky: Listeners, be sure to check the lesson notes to add a visual aid to this explanation. |
| Hany: Add a sukuun vowelling sign on the last letter if the verb is conjugated to the first person singular or plural, or to third person plural feminine, as in zahabna ذَهَبنَ |
| Becky: And finally? |
| Hany: add a dammah vowelling sign on the last letter if the verb is conjugated to the third person plural masculine, as in shaahaduu شاهَدوا |
| Becky: Ok, let’s wrap up this lesson with a couple of sample sentences in the past form |
| Hany: لَقَد سألتَهُ أَكثَرَ مِن مَرَّة. |
| Becky: "I asked him more than once." |
| Hany: عاد تيم مِن أستُراليْا الأَمس. |
| Becky: "Tim came back from Australia yesterday." |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Hany: شكرا |
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