Learn how to use plural forms to describe people and things
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to ArabicPod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 12 - Talking About Movies in Arabic. I’m Becky. |
| Nora: السلام عليكم. I'm Nora. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use Masculine and feminine duals and plurals for inanimate objects. This conversation takes place on the street, where two friends are walking to the book store. |
| Nora: It's between Mohammed and Khaled. |
| Becky: The speakers are friends, so the speakers will be using informal Egyptian Arabic. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| محمد : ازيك يا خالد اخبارك ايه ؟ |
| خالد : ازيك انت . انا تمام. تعبان جدا بس عشان سهرت امبارح اتفرج على فيلمين . |
| محمد : يا نهار ابيض , كانت افلام حلوة ؟ كانت بتحكي عن ايه ؟ |
| خالد : اه كانوا الفيلمين حلوين جدا . اول فيلم كان بيحكي عن مجموعة من خمس بنات بقوا نجوم بوب مشهورين . الفيلم التانى كان بيحكي عن تلات اخوات امريكان دخلو الجيش مع بعض . |
| محمد : اه , انا شفت الفيلم الأ ول ! مش اسمه (سبايس جيرلز) ؟ باحب الموسيقى بتاعتهم أوى . |
| خالد : أيوة ! وانا كمان |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| محمد : ازيك يا خالد اخبارك ايه ؟ |
| خالد : ازيك انت . انا تمام. تعبان جدا بس عشان سهرت امبارح اتفرج على فيلمين . |
| محمد : يا نهار ابيض , كانت افلام حلوة ؟ كانت بتحكي عن ايه ؟ |
| خالد : اه كانوا الفيلمين حلوين جدا . اول فيلم كان بيحكي عن مجموعة من خمس بنات بقوا نجوم بوب مشهورين . الفيلم التانى كان بيحكي عن تلات اخوات امريكان دخلو الجيش مع بعض . |
| محمد : اه , انا شفت الفيلم الأ ول ! مش اسمه (سبايس جيرلز) ؟ باحب الموسيقى بتاعتهم أوى . |
| خالد : أيوة ! وانا كمان |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Mohammed: Hi, Khaled! How are you? |
| Khaled: Hi! I am alright. I am very tired because I stayed up watching 2 movies last night. |
| Mohammed: Oh, were they good movies? What were they about? |
| Khaled: Yes, they were both very good. The first movie was about a group of five girls who become famous pop stars. The second movie was about three American brothers who are in the Army. |
| Mohammed: Oh, I have seen the first movie! Spice Girls? I like the music. |
| Khaled: Yes! Me too. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: Nora, are foreign movies popular in the Arab World? |
| Nora: Yes, foreign movies, and particularly American movies, are very popular in the Arab world. It is easy to find DVDs at reasonable prices, and movie theaters showing both foreign and local films, are common in cities. |
| Becky: You can expect that many Arabic speakers will be familiar be Western actors and films... |
| Nora: But some countries are less open than others to importing foreign films. |
| Becky: And what about Arabic cinema? |
| Nora: Arabic cinema is dominated by Egyptian movies. Three quarters of all Arab movies are produced in Egypt. |
| Becky: That’s impressive! |
| Nora: Here is an easy and useful word to remember السينما |
| Becky: which means “Cinema.” Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Nora: ازيك [natural native speed] |
| Becky: How are you |
| Nora: ازيك[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: ازيك [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: اخبارك إيه؟ [natural native speed] |
| Becky: What's up? |
| Nora: اخبارك إيه؟[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: اخبارك إيه؟ [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: تعبان [natural native speed] |
| Becky: tired |
| Nora: تعبان[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: تعبان [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: سهرت [natural native speed] |
| Becky: stayed up late |
| Nora: سهرت[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: سهرت [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: مجموعة [natural native speed] |
| Becky: group |
| Nora: مجموعة[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: مجموعة [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: بوب [natural native speed] |
| Becky: pop |
| Nora: بوب[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: بوب [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: مشهورين [natural native speed] |
| Becky: famous |
| Nora: مشهورين[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: مشهورين [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Nora: امريكان [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Americans |
| Nora: امريكان[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: امريكان [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last.. |
| Nora: الجيش [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Military/Army |
| Nora: الجيش[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nora: الجيش [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Nora: تعبان |
| Becky: And it means "tired " |
| Nora: This is an adjective in the masculine form, so if the subject is a female, add ة at the end to make تعبانة. This word comes from the root تعب which means “fatigue.” |
| Becky: This word can be used in a wide variety of contexts to describe sleepiness, weariness, or physical exhaustion. |
| Nora: Right, here is an example.. محمد شكلة تعبان. |
| Becky: ..which means "Mohamed looks tired." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Nora: سهر |
| Becky: meaning "to stay up (late) " |
| Nora: This form is the base form of the verb. In the dialogue, the word is سهرت which is conjugated for the first person past tense. |
| Becky: Can you use this word when you go out with your friends and stay out late with them? |
| Nora: Yes, you can. You can use this expression like this - سهرت مع صحابي |
| Becky: meaning "I stayed out late with my friends" |
| Nora: Here is a different example, السَهَر مش كويس للصحة. |
| Becky: .. which means "Staying up late isn't good for one’s health." |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Nora: الجيش |
| Becky: meaning "army" |
| Nora: The word for “army” is جيش but it’s most often seen with the prefix ال, to mean "the army" if we’re not specifying a certain army. |
| Becky: So it’s similar to the English usage of this phrase; we very rarely say the word "army" without the word "the" before it. |
| Nora: Right. You can use this to refer to any national military force, but if you want to be specific, be sure to add the nationality of the army. For example, “the Egyptian army” would be الجيش المصري. |
| Becky: Can we have one more example? |
| Nora: Sure. You can also say.. الجيش بيحمي الشعب. |
| Becky: .. which means "The army protects the people." |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use plural forms to describe people and things. We will focus more on feminine and masculine, and duals and plurals for inanimate objects and their adjectives. |
| Nora: As you may already know all nouns and adjectives are divided into two groups - مؤنث mu'anath “feminine” and مذكّر - mudhakkar “masculine”, |
| Becky: Even if they're inanimate objects without a clear biological gender. |
| Nora: Right, in both Standard and Egyptian Arabic, we use feminine adjectives to describe feminine nouns, and masculine adjectives to describe masculine nouns. The ة (taa' marbuta) at the end of a word often indicates that a word, whether it’s a noun or an adjective, is feminine. |
| Becky: Could you give us an example? |
| Nora: الْقطّةُ جَمِيلَة. |
| Becky: which means “The cat is beautiful.” Keep in mind that “cat” is a feminine noun. So as you read sentences, look out for adjectives that will tell you the gender of new words. |
| Nora: Now in Egyptian Arabic, when dealing with non-human feminine or masculine plurals, we always use the singular feminine verb or adjective form for that. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example? |
| Nora: Sure! If you want to say "These are books" or "Those are dictionaries," you have to say dī kutub, or dī qāwāmīs. This rule applies to all cases of inanimate plurals and also when using adjectives with these plurals. |
| Becky: For example? |
| Nora: dī kutub kuwayyisa |
| Becky: meaning "These are good books," here we had a plural noun and a feminine adjective. |
| Nora: Please keep in mind that this rule is ONLY for animals and inanimate nouns. |
| Becky: When you’re using adjectives to describe humans, there is a plural conjugation that you must use. Let’s see some adjectives conjugated. First, let’s look at the Arabic word for “Egyptian” |
| Nora: The singular masculine is مصري (maSri), the singular feminine is مصرية (maSreyya), and the plural for animate objects only is مصريين (maSriyyiin) |
| Becky: Listeners, in the lesson notes you will find more adjectives conjugated. Now let’s talk about the dual form which doesn’t exist in English. |
| Nora: In Egyptian Arabic the dual suffix is -iin ين so when you see this attached to a noun, it is an indicator that there are two of that particular noun. There is no dual form for adjectives in Egyptian Arabic though, so we just add the same plural suffix (-iin ين ) to the word for both plural and dual forms, just like you would add ة if the noun was feminine. |
| Becky: Let’s make an example, first only the noun, then the noun with an adjective. |
| Nora: فيلمين |
| Becky: meaning "two movies" |
| Nora: فيلمين حلوين |
| Becky: "two good movies" |
| Nora: Another example is ولدين مصريين |
| Becky: “two Egyptian boys” |
| Nora: Also بنتين سوريين |
| Becky: “two Syrian girls” |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Nora: مع السلامة |
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